Video games with 3D graphics became popular in 1992-1993, with the releases of Virtua Racing and Virtua Fighter, but it originally started with the game 3D Monster Maze in 1981.
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At this point in time, games began shifting towards 3D. Games like Crash Bandicoot and Super Mario 64 are examples of this. Being full 3D was a big selling point for many of these games, and focus was less on side-scrollers and other 2D games.
The change to 3D made a lot more things possible in video games, and many new games were much more complex than their 2D predecessors. The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time was nothing like the previous games, which were all 2D, and GoldenEye 007 was one of the first examples of a move towards hyper-realistic games.
Nowadays, the majority of triple-A games are 3D, with most 2D games being made by indie developers. Many games these days strive for hyper-realism, and most are expected to have some realism in them.
A recent example of a hyper-realistic game is The Last of Us. In addition to improved graphics, many of the characters' movements were done with motion-capture.
3D in TV/Films
Films these days include a lot of 3D imagery, and the first major use of it was back in 1993, with the release of the film Jurassic Park. Most of the dinosaurs that are seen in the film were created using 3D CGI. More recent examples of CGI in films are Avatar, or Planet of The Apes, which heavily featured CGI within them.
Some films are made up completely of 3D animations, like Toy Story and Monsters Inc.
Many TV shows, including children's shows, are made using 3D imagery. Shows like Star Wars: The Clone Wars, and Jimmy Neutron.
3D in Education
Gaia 3D is software that helps people teach and learn. It has 3D models that can be used in many different subjects, biology, chemistry, geography, etc.
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Doctors, and other people in the medical field, can use 3D models of body parts so they can easily see, and show to others, certain features, or damaged areas.
3D in Engineering
Engineers can use software to create 3D models of machines they would work on, and see how it operates and how it is made. It can also help them to spot any mistakes or issues it might have.
3D in Architecture
Architects can use specialist software to create 3D models of their building plans, so that it is easier for people to understand it.
3D in Product Design
3D models can be created to design products, or show them off before the actual product is made. Some products could be actually made using a 3D printer to produce the 3D model on the computer.
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