Polygon meshes are collections of faces, edges and vertices that define the shape of objects within 3D graphics modelling. The faces of these are usually made up of triangles or quadrilaterals, or some other types of polygons.
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Common methods of creating polygonal meshes is by connecting multiple primitives together, which are predefined meshes created by the modelling software. Primitives commonly include cubes, spheres, pyramids, cylinders and 2D primitives like squares or triangles.
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Box Modelling
Box modelling is a popular method of creating meshes, and uses only 2 simple tools:
Subdivide - Splits face/edges to make smaller pieces, by adding new vertices to it. A square would get subdivided into 4 smaller squares by this tool.
Extrude - Is applied to faces. It creates a completely new face that is the same size and shape, and is connected to the edges of the original face. Extruding a square would create a cube.
Another method of creating meshes is called inflation/extrusion modelling. For this method, a 2D shape is created which traces the outline of something from an image. Then a second image of a different angle is used and the 2D shape is extruded while following the 2nd shape's outline. This method is common for creating objects such as heads, and artists may create half of a head then duplicate it and flip it and connect the pieces.
Sketch Modelling
This method used a user-friendly interface to quickly sketch models with lower detail than other methods.
3D Scanners
3D scanners are used to make meshes of real life object in high detail. Scanners are very expensive, and are mostly used by professionals.
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