This is a piece of 3D computer graphics software that is used to create 3D images, models or animations. It was developed by Autodesk Media/Entertainment. This software is usually used by video game developers, TV studios and architectural studios. It can also be used for movie effects or pre-visualization. The latest version now includes shaders, particle systems, normal map creation/rendering, a customizable UI and a scripting language.
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(Autodesk) Maya is a piece of 3D computer graphics software that was originally developed by Alis Systems Corporation, and runs on Windows, Mac and Linux. It can be used to create interactive 3D apps, like video games, animated films or TV.
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Lightwave is a package of software that is used for rendering 3D images, whether they are animated or completely static. It also includes a rendering engine that can support features such as realistic reflection/refraction. The 3D modelling software can be used to create both polygonal models, and can subdivide surfaces. The animation part has features for reverse and forward kinematics, and particle systems.
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Blender is a piece of completely free and open source 3D computer graphics software that is used for creating animated films, interactive 3D apps or video games. Blender can be used for 3D modelling, UV unwrapping, texturing, skinning, particle simulation, camera tracking, rendering and video editing. Included with the software is a built-in game engine.
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Cinema 4D
Cinema 4D is an application for modelling, animating and rendering, and was developed by MAXON Computer GmbH. It can be used for polygonal/subdividing modelling, animation, rendering, texturing or lighting.
There are multiple versions of Cinema 4D: 'Prime', which is a broadcast version that included extra motion-graphics features, 'Visualize', which is used for architectural design, and 'Studio', which includes everything.
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ZBrush is a sculpting tool that combines 3D modelling, painting and texturing. It uses 'pixol' technology which stores information for lighting, material, colour etc. for all the objects on the screen. It is used as a digital sculpting tool, and can create high-res models to be used in movies, animations or video games.
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Sketchup
Sketchup is a piece of 3D modelling software that is used for architectural, mechanical, film or video game design. It has both a free and a 'professional' version.
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Every 3D application lets the user save their work in a 'proprietary' file format, and then export it into open formats.
Proprietary formats are a mode of presenting data, and are the intellectual property or whoever has ownership of the format itself.
An Open/Free format is a format that is either not owned as an intellectual property, or just not recognised as one. Proprietary formats can either be open (published) or closed (trade secrets). Open/Free formats are always open.
Examples:
Proprietary: 3D Studio Max (.3ds), Maya (.mb)
Open: .obj, .dae
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